Historic Building Details

HB Ref No:
HB18/05/001 C

Address :
The Flax Mill Mary Brook 11 Raleagh Road Drummaconagher Crossgar Downpatrick Co. Down BT30 9JG

Townland:
Drummaconagher

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Survey 2:
B+

Date of Listing:
14/01/1976 00:00:00

Date of De-listing:

Current Use:
Mill

Former Use
Mill

Conservation Area:
No

Industrial Archaeology:
Yes

Vernacular:
No

Thatched:
No

Monument:
No

Derelict:
Yes

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OS Map No:
204/8

IG Ref:
J4085 5202

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Owner Category

Private

Exterior Description And Setting

Extensive and largely complete, small scale ‘Georgian vernacular’ rural milling complex dating from the 18th and early 19th centuries, with water powered two storey corn and flax mills and single storey stable block- all probably mid to late 1700s, a two storey miller’s house of 1837, and subsidiary structures, including a small cottage and storehouse of c.1840s. The grouping was abandoned in the 1950s and lay largely derelict until the early 1970s. Since then it has been restored with the corn mill still operating up until the late 1990s. To the rear of the house are large two and single storey wings a section of which appears to have originally been a barn. The whole grouping has a uniform appearance with harled and whitewashed facades, slated roofs and Georgian paned sash windows and timber sheeted doors, an appearance complimented by the abundance of traditional wrought iron farm gates, stone walling and simple gate pillars. The complex is picturesquely set at the end of a lane to the W of Raleagh Road, roughly 2½ miles E of Ballynahinch. To the immediate W is the Ballynahinch River, with mill pond to the S. THE FLAX MILL The flax mill lies to the NW corner of the complex. It is a long two storey gabled building set on a slope so that when viewed from the S it appears largely single storey. The façade is partly harled, partly unrendered rubble, but it is all whitewashed. The gabled roof is slated. To timber ventilation turrets to S side of roof. Cast iron rw goods. The mill race flows under the E end of the building. The mill is entered via the single storey S elevation. To the right on this elevation there is a large vehicle doorway with timber sheeted double doors which are partly set with a gable. The gable contains a semicircular fanlight with petal tracery- all of which looks somewhat out of place in an industrial building. To the far left the ground level drops. Here the mill race runs throughout the side of the building. To the immediate left of the mill race opening (at the lower level than the rest of the openings to this façade) there is a doorway, without door. To the upper level directly above this is a small timber sheeted window opening. To the immediate right of the mill race opening the ground rises sharply and the façade is single storey once again. Here there is a butter churning device sitting under a large lean-to-like hood. This device is powered by the water wheel. To the immediate left of this there is a timber sheeted door, with a small window opening to its immediate right, with timber sheeted covering. To the E gable of the building there is a sash window, (6/6). To the N the ground level is much lower so that much of the façade is two storey. To the far left on the façade (where the ground level is higher and the façade is single storey), there is a large timber sheeted double door set within a gable. This door is similar to that to right on S façade. To the centre of the N façade there is there is a large segmental archway to the ground level, with brick dressings to the arch head. To the upper level directly above the arch there are three timber sheeted loft doors and three smaller timber sheeted openings. To the ground level to right of large archway there are two timber sheeted doors, then two windows with metal sheeting over. The 1st window is much larger. To first floor right there is a small window with four pane frame with louvering under. The W gable of the flax mill (which faces onto the Ballynahinch River) appears to be blank. *For the sake of simplicity only the 4 main compass points have been used.

Architects

Historical Information

The corn mill (without the smaller projection to the north), the flax mill and the stable, are all shown on the OS map of 1834 and recorded in the valuation returns of 1836. All of these buildings were graded B+ to B- by the valuers, suggesting that they believed (or were informed) that most were at least twenty years old at that point. At this stage, the miller’s residence consisted of a long single-storey dwelling, which stood on the site of the present house; the valuers believed this to be the oldest building on the site, possibly dating from the early to mid 1700s. In 1837 the present two-storey dwelling was built, with perhaps some of the fabric of the original house incorporated within the return.The storehouse to the north of the flax mill was also added around this date, as were a few othe buildings (see full description in HB18/05/001A) All of these are shown on the revised OS map of 1858. The valuation of 1861 records that the house and mill were then in the possession of Christiana Silcock, who leased them from Alexander John [?and] Robert Stewart Esq. The buildings listed include: the house measuring 14½yrds x 5 x 2 (storeys), with return of 6 x 5 x 2; offices of 10 x 5 x 1, 7 x 4 x 1, 6½ x 4 x 1, 24 x 5 x 1 and 16 x 6 x 2; a ‘slated’ store of 15 x 5 x 1; a ‘slated’ shed of 6 x 4 x 1; a ‘second scutch mill slated’; a ‘shed store- wing’ of 6 x 3 x 1, and a pig house of 9½ x 3½ x 1. The house was graded ‘A’ with all of the other buildings ‘B’, suggesting that most of these were indeed the same structures listed in the 1836 valuation. The valuers also mention a ‘barn on loft’, a ‘flax mill on basement containing 3 stocks with rollers’, a ‘breast water wheel’ of 14ft with buckets of 4ft, which worked ‘briskly 4 months in the year’, and ‘4 stocks and set of rollers’. As regards the corn mill, they state that there were ‘3 pair of stones viz shelling, grinding and hard corn and one stone for dressing pearl barley’ with a 18ft breast shot wheel with buckets 5ft, which also worked ‘briskly 4 months in the year’. The Silcock family mentioned in both the 1836 and 1861 valuations are believed to have acquired Mary Brook some time around c.1790 to c.1800 from a family named Traill. The Traill connection with the area goes back to 1647, when James Traill, an officer in the Parliamentary army, was granted the townland of Drumnaconagher. His grandson, also named James, is believed to have been the first to actually settle within the townland, building a house there in 1721. Walter Harris, writing in his ‘Ancient and Present Sate of the County of Down’ in 1744 refers to this house, (then occupied by James’s son, Hamilton Traill), as ‘Marybrook, seated on a rising ground near a small lake…two miles SSE of Ballynahinch. On the face of it, this reference appears puzzling, for the present Mary Brook does not appear to be sited on rising ground, nor is it near a small lake, and it is closer to 3 miles east of Ballynahinch, rather than SSE. However, if we take into account that that ground level to the north of the flax mill drops considerably (a drop which may have been more pronounced in the mid 1700s), then this could explain the ‘rising ground’, and the ‘small lake’ may simply be a reference to a mill pond or a flood plain relating to the nearby river. The discrepancy in the mileage due to Harris’s use of the longer Irish mile (as was common at that time), and the anomalous location in relation to Ballynahinch, the result of inaccurate mapping. In fact a contemporary map entitled ‘A New and Correct Map of Ye County of Down [?produced to accompany Harris’s book], actually locates places almost directly east of Ballynahinch, such as Kilmore, considerably further south. At its height in the late 19th century, the Mary Brook complex employed around 150, not only in corn and flax milling, but also in a small hemstitching factory. The hemstitching factory closed c.1900, with the flax mill ceasing production a few years later. The corn mill continued in full-time use until after WWI, with production coming to a halt by the 1930s. The Silcock family continued to reside at Mary Brook until the early 1950s, after which the site was abandoned and fell into decay. In the early 1970s it was acquired by Mr Lewis-Crosby, a senior figure within the National Trust, who restored the buildings and brought the corn mill back into use. The present owner acquired the complex in 1998. References- Primary sources 1 Harris, Walter, ‘The Ancient and Present Sate of the County of Down’ (Dublin, 1744), p.78 2 PRONI VAL/1A/3/30 OS map, County Down sheet 30, with valuation
references, (1834-c.38) 3 PRONI VAL/1B/386 First valuation, Kilmore, 1836 4 ‘OS Memoirs of Ireland, Parishes of County Down IV’ ed Angelique Day and Patrick McWilliams (QUB, 1992) (1836) 5 ‘Belfast and Province of Ulster Directory’ (Henderson, Belfast News-Letter, 1852- ) 6 PRONI VAL/2A/3/30A Revised OS map, County Down sheet 30, with valuation references, (1858-c.61) 7 PRONI VAL/2B/3/68 Second valuation, Kilmore (1861) 8 PRONI OS/6/3/30/3 OS map, 2nd edition, Co. Down sheet 30, (c.1901) Secondary sources 1 Green, E.R.R., ‘The Industrial Archaeology of County Down’ (Belfast, HMSO, 1963) 2 “Silcock’s Mills at Drumnaconagher” in ‘Mourne Observer’, 27th March 1970 3 ‘Burke’s Irish Family Records’ (London, 1976), p.1176 [Details concerning the Traill family] 4 McCutcheon, W.A., ‘The Industrial Archaeology of Northern Ireland’, (Belfast, HMSO, 1980), p.244

Criteria for Listing

Architectural Interest

A. Style B. Proportion C. Ornamentation D. Plan Form I. Quality and survival of Interior J. Setting K. Group value

Historic Interest

W. Northern Ireland/International Interest W. Northern Ireland/International Interest Z. Rarity

Evaluation

Extensive and largely complete, small scale ‘Georgian vernacular’ rural milling complex dating from the 18th and early 19th centuries, with water powered two storey corn and flax mills and single storey stable block- all probably mid to late 1700s, a two storey miller’s house of 1837, and subsidiary structures, including a small cottage and storehouse, of c.1840s. The grouping was abandoned in the 1950s and lay largely derelict until the early 1970s. Since then it has been restored with the corn mill still operating up until the late 1990s. To the rear of the house are large two and single storey wings a section of which appears to have originally been a barn. The whole grouping has a uniform, ‘semi-vernacular’ appearance with harled and whitewashed facades, slated roofs and Georgian paned sash windows and timber sheeted doors, an appearance complimented by the abundance of traditional wrought iron farm gates, stone walling and simple gate pillars. The flax mill is considered of special interest as an important constiuent part of the complex but also in its own right as a very well preserved example of this type of building. The preservation and character of the group is considered to be of national interest. The scarity of such an intact group is also of note.

General Comments

For disposition of elements making up the Mary Brook House and Mill complex - see map attached to HB18/05/001A.

Date of Survey

27 October 2000